Top 50 Construction VC Funds & Investors in United Kingdom (October 2026)

Portfolio highlights

• Double Puc — Bristol based independant cafe and caterer
• Tailfin Cycling — Explore premium bike frame bags, bike racks and other biking gear designed for racing, bikepacking, or daily commutes. Beautiful, lightweight, and easy to use.
• Lemon Properties — Lemon Properties is a property constructor in the northeast.

Portfolio highlights

• SolarSub — SolarSub is an environmental firm that offers floating solar cooling system.
• Anemo Labs — We develop highly selective polymer-based sensors to detect gas VOCs in the ppb range, in real-time. We combine custom hardware with Machine Learning to characterize smells
• INTELLIGENT MASS SPEC SOLUTIONS — Intelligent Mass Spec Solutions develops urine-based mass spectrometry and machine learning diagnostics for adrenal cancer.

Portfolio highlights

• HUNTY — HUNTY is a platform that help people find jobs by connecting them with world class mentors who prepare them for the job search process. And people only pay when they get hired.
• Mainstay — System of intelligence for residential real estate.
• Odyssey — Discover how Odyssey Energy Solutions unblocks bottlenecks in DRE project development. Access diverse financing, procure equipment efficiently, and remotely monitor system performance. Join over 2000 renewable energy companies that use Odyssey to scale. Get in touch today.

Portfolio highlights

• EAST AT HOME — East At Home sells BIR-style curry sauces, spice kits, and ingredients for home cooking via its online store.
• Wade Construction Management — Wade Construction Management is a business that offers project management and construction services to the pharmaceutical industry.
• Robinsons Facilities Services Ltd — Experts in commercial building maintenance, repair and compliance services in Yorkshire. We keep your business assets switched on 24/7.

Portfolio highlights

• Citrus-Lime — Support notifications from the CitrusLime team. Please note that we don't see tweets sent to this account
• Boost Juice Bars UK — Boost Juice Bars UK offer a range of smoothies and freshly squeezed juice products.
• Thames Card Technology —

Portfolio highlights

• Zenithon — Zenithon is building machine learning models to provide a step change in the development and optimization of technology.
• ABEX — Algorithmic Best Execution for digital assets driven by an ultra low latency, high frequency, agency trading engine and enhanced by deep quantitative research.
• Stanhope AI — Stanhope AI is a deep-tech startup based in London with a strong background in neuroscience, robotics and fintech. We are bringing Active Inference to market as a novel framework for autonomous decision-making. To contend with the challenges of contemporary AIs, our distinct approach aims to offer

Portfolio highlights

• Obud — Obud is a wellness reservation systems that is designed for holistic health and lifestyle management purposes. The company's systems offer a comprehensive suite of tools for booking wellness activities, managing schedules, and accessing curated wellness programs, enabling wellness centers to streamline their operations, enhance userengagement, and promote a balanced and healthy lifestyle.
• myluigi.ai — Luigi is an AI-Powered Full-Stack Game Growth-as-a-Service platform designed to help mobile game studios scale user acquisition, engagement and lifetime value without adding headcount. Its dual-engine architecture automates and operates everything from ad campaign creation and real-time creative optimization to personalized in-game offers and LTVforecasting—delivered through a single, easy-to-integrate and unified dashboard. With a flexible per-title pricing model and powerful machine-learning insights, Luigi empowers mid-sized and indie developers to reduce CPI, boost retention and chart a clear path toward sustainable growth and seven-figure ARR.
• RubiLabs — RubiLabs Inc provides a platform for unifying, monitoring, and analyzing organizational data. RubiLabs software enables analysts and operators across risk, compliance, and security teams to collaborate and interpret large volumes of information in real time. The company’s platform is designed to help institutions make sense of complex, fragmenteddata by transforming it into a coherent operational picture for risk detection, continuous monitoring, and investigative workflows.

Portfolio highlights

• CSignum — Revolutionising underwater communications with electromagnetic technology for seamless data integration between surface & submerged devices.
• Calterra — Calterra is an climate-tech firm that uses AI and satellite/drone data to monitor & verify carbon & biodiversity outcomes.
• SolarSub — SolarSub is an environmental firm that offers floating solar cooling system.

Portfolio highlights

• Donna — Meet Donna, the AI assistant built for field sales teams. Save time, cut admin, and close more deals with less effort.
• Stanhope AI — Stanhope AI is a deep-tech startup based in London with a strong background in neuroscience, robotics and fintech. We are bringing Active Inference to market as a novel framework for autonomous decision-making. To contend with the challenges of contemporary AIs, our distinct approach aims to offer
• HelmGuard AI — HelmGuard develops an AI-driven trust infrastructure platform for security, compliance, and third-party risk management. The company provides an operational risk infrastructure layer that centralizes fragmented security, compliance, and vendor data into a structured repository. Its platform coordinates autonomous, domain-specific AI agents thatperform continuous data indexing, compliance mapping, automated vendor assessments, and real-time security tracking. HelmGuard includes a risk operating system, a zero-knowledge verification engine for selective disclosure and cryptographic-style proofs, and persona-specific risk intelligence reporting. These capabilities support first-party, third-party, and customer-facing workflows across sectors such as financial services, SaaS, and healthcare. The platform is used by security, risk, and compliance teams to maintain continuous oversight of internal controls, vendor posture, and regulatory obligations while generating tailored, natural-language reports for business stakeholders.

Portfolio highlights

• Mykor — Mykor develops and scales the next generation of building insulation that considers both human and planet health using industrial residues and mycelium for a 100% circular product.
• Metal Morph — Metal Morph's mission is to advance the transformation of wastewater treatment plants into circular supply chains.
• Sorted — Sorted is helping waste management companies to sort their recycled materials more efficiently.

Portfolio highlights

• Oakwood Group — An established, family owned property development company, specialising in the creation of high quality new homes in prime locations across North West England.
• Eccleston Homes — An independent housebuilder in the NW, building stunning Arts & Crafts style homes with all the features you expect in a modern home.
• Beechcroft Developments — Beechcroft Developments provides newly built homes and the restoration of properties for retirement.

Portfolio highlights

• Canyon Code — Canyon Code gives enterprises the ability to observe, optimize, and governance their multi-agentic AI applications. The Workflow Intelligence Layer
• Buzz Solutions — Buzz Solutions provides a software platform powered by Artificial Intelligence, Actionable Insights, and Predictive Analytics for faults and anomaly detection for the power line inspection process for power utilities. The company's platform automates the process of storing and organizing visual data (captured in the field through drones andhelicopters), analyzing for faults using its AI algorithms, mapping the data and providing heat maps as well as predictive insights for when, where and what kind of faults are happening on power line and assets. Using its solutions, power utilities save over 50% of cost and time to analyze data which makes condition-based maintenance efforts easier and time-efficient, thus, preventing wildfires, power outages, and other climate change effects on the physical infrastructure of the grid.
• LightTable — LightTable uses AI to review construction drawings and specs, catching coordination, constructability, and compliance issues before they become RFIs or delays.

Portfolio highlights

• ByteAsk — Derisk your AI agents
• Sourcepulse — Your early warning system for software delivery (YC S23)
• Open Cosmos — Open Cosmos design, build and operate space missions, providing straightforward access to high quality satellite data and insights on a global scale.

Portfolio highlights

• WtEnergy — Technology company focus on provide advanced solutions for the transformation of biomass and non-recyclable waste into clean energy.
• OPTIMITIVE — Optimitive offers an Artificial Intelligence technology solution that optimizes the efficiency and sustainability the industrial processes.
• Terra CO2 Technologies — Terra CO2 Technologies is an industrial technology company that reduces material and logistics costs while reducing the environmental footprint in the cement and mining sectors. It develops innovative environmental technologies to tackle challenging environmental problems. It was founded in 2012 and employs a diverse group of engineers,scientists, and specialists to bring projects from the ideation stage to market.

Portfolio highlights

• Phase0 — Payment platform for construction projects
• Resolutiion — Resolutiion provides AI-powered software for managing commercial conflict, delivery risk, and business relationship performance. The platform supports organizations with dispute detection, workflow automation, contract monitoring, issue resolution, and operational risk management across customers, suppliers, workforce teams, and commercialpartnerships. Its system uses AI-driven analysis to identify relationship friction, monitor delivery performance, and support structured resolution processes. Resolutiion also provides commercial intelligence tools, reporting, and collaboration features for enterprise delivery and governance management.
• Maven Robotics — Maven Robotics is building the world's leading general purpose AI robots.

Portfolio highlights

• OneClickComply — Automate SOC 2, ISO 27001, Cyber Essentials, and 10+ frameworks. OneClickFix remediates 1,000+ controls automatically. Trusted by 30+ organisations.
• Land Digital — Land Digital is a tech, web design, web creation, content marketing, digital marketing, SEO, and mobile application agency.
• Magnitude Biosciences — Magnitude Biosciences is a biotechnology firm combine experience in ageing research, the nematode C. elegans and automation.

Portfolio highlights

• Unloq AI — Unloq is a Decision Intelligence Platform that turns your company data and live market signals into governed strategic recommendations. Approved, tracked, measured.
• Nourished — At Nourished we create innovative. personalised nutrition stacks that are truly unique to you. Vegan, waste-free and always made to order.
• K3 Metrology — K3 Metrology is a specialist metrology company commercialising laser‑based 3D coordinate measurement technology developed at the National Physical Laboratory. The company’s platform is designed to provide high‑accuracy, uncertainty‑aware dimensional data in large‑volume industrial environments, supporting inspection and assembly processes inadvanced manufacturing. Its systems integrate into production workflows where traceable measurements are required across complex geometries and large structures. The technology is applied in sectors such as aerospace, defence, and nuclear, where dimensional integrity and process control are critical.

Portfolio highlights

• Rain Rescue — We are there for the cats and dogs who have no one else to care for them. Rescue, Rehabilitate, Rehome. Animal Charity Team of the Year 2020
• Premier Modular — Premier Modular is one of the UK's leading offsite modular building specialists, providing modular construction and prefab building solutions.
• Supermarket Income Reit — Invest in UK supermarket properties with Supermarket Income REIT, delivering secure income and long-term growth.

Portfolio highlights

• CABN — Canadian builder of prefabricated, energy-efficient homes
• Chexy — Let your rent elevate your lifestyle. Chexy is the new standard for paying rent. We believe that tenants should be able to pay rent digitally and flexibly while building credit and earning rewards.
• Crewscope — Crewscope built the technology with crews on-site to be user-friendly and help motivate and retain construction crews with digital tools. They are proactive with regard to setting up pumps, protecting their work at night, and thinking about potential obstacles.

Portfolio highlights

• ZML — ZML is a production inference stack, purpose-built to decouple AI workloads from proprietary hardware.
• Bios Life — Bios Life is a technology-enabled healthcare company built to empower individuals to proactively manage their cancer risk, redefining personalized cancer screening and survivorship.
• Fractile — Fractile is designing AI compute systems that will enable the next generation of AI scaling: frontier model inference, 25x faster, at 1/10th the cost.

Portfolio highlights

• BEONx — Beonprice is one of the Travel Tech companies in Spain, committed to leading the future of revenue strategy. Agility, innovation and organization are the engines of the brand, with the aim of offering profitable innovation and being part of the DNA of each of its customers. Beonprice has developed HQI™, the only index in the hotel market thatmeasures the integral quality of a hotel in order to understand the competitive position and price elasticity of the demand in the market. Beonprice has more than 2,000 customers in more than 30 countries. Its RMS is successfully used by growing hotel chains such Bluebay, Hotelatelier, Iberostar, RIU, Labranda Hotels & Resorts, HM Resorts, Park Royal, Dreamplace, Catalonia, Room Mate, Orchid Hotels and many others.
• Articul8 — The Domain-Specific GenAI Platform, Purpose-Built for Your Data and Mission
• Flora — Flora Fertility is dedicated to empowering the next generation of parents by putting the control of reproductive health outcomes back where they belongs—in your hands. It aims to revolutionize how women's health and family building are approached, making fertility care more accessible, transparent, and personalized. By reimagining thefinancial and medical aspects of family planning, we help you navigate the journey to parenthood with greater confidence, ease, and support, ensuring that your fertility choices align with your personal goals and circumstances.

Portfolio highlights

• Mirna — Soon to be launched, our AI-powered MI:RNA platform is designed to detect a range of diseases prior to the development of clinical signs. This groundbreaking
• QuickBlock — QUICKBLOCK delivers training environments, deployable infrastructure and force protection solutions for defence and security organisations worldwide.
• Gutsy Health — Bloated after eating? Tired of feeling like sh!t? Are you really doing all the right stuff for your gut? We'll help you make good gut choices

Portfolio highlights

• DataVita — Scotland's only Uptime Institute Tier III certified co-location facility. Secure, energy-efficient data centre and connectivity services for businesses across the UK.
• EET Retail — EET Retail is the retail division of Essar Energy Transition Fuels. The company operates a rapidly expanding network of premium, Essar-branded roadside petrol stations and forecourts across the United Kingdom.
• Everflow — Everflow are switching their water and sewerage services.

Portfolio highlights

• GoCab — GoCab is fintech solution providing Drive-to-own option for vehicle purchase in Emerging markets, helping to bridge the gap between mobility entrepreneurs and financial services.
• Tewke — Tewke is a London based company that was founded in 2020 developing technology to deliver energy savings through AI enabled home automation. Tewke's mission is to reduce energy consumption in homes whilst elevating everyone's living experience.Tewke's first product, Tap, is an intelligent light switch that can be installed into anyhome without rewiring. This acts as the backbone of Tewke's energy control and home automation platform, and has already won international awards, such as the Red Dot Design Award.
• Zeal — Zeal transforms your current card machines, enabling them to unlock powerful insights and deliver seamless loyalty. Zeal integrates with all card machines and is trusted by industry leaders.

Portfolio highlights

• InfraFleet — InfraFleet offer flexible rental and leasing of clean heavy equipment used in infrastructure maintenance and construction.
• Bloom Money — Bloom Money is a savings club app designed to help growing communities in migrant communities and use technology to promote community, safety, and convenience.
• Fixed Construction — Fixed Construction For Workers

Portfolio highlights

• iPremom — iPremom is a healthcare technology company that develops molecular diagnostic solutions for the early detection and prediction of pregnancy complications, particularly preeclampsia.
• Slamcore — Positioning, mapping and perception | State-of-the-art visual SLAM turns sensor data into actionable, spatial understanding for your vehicles.
• Respiro Diagnostics — Respiro is harnessing insights from the breath to detect lung cancer earlier, non-invasively, and without scans or radiation. Built for use in everyday care settings.

Portfolio highlights

• SolarSub — SolarSub is an environmental firm that offers floating solar cooling system.
• 52 North Health — At 52 North we are developing fully-integrated clinical, AI and medical-device based systems.
• Productive Machines — Productive Machines Chatter-free Milling Software Optimization Service for every Machine Shop. Apply our recommended spindle speeds and feed rates to your specific machine settings and make the best part, faster, right first time.

Portfolio highlights

• Envoke — The engagement Platform for your Virtual Instrument.
• Inovus Medical — Inovus Medical builds surgical simulators and Totum, a data-driven training platform trusted by leading clinicians worldwide.
• Candid Hospitality — Candid Hospitality is an innovative recruitment platform created particularly for the hospitality industry.

Portfolio highlights

• SOLVE — SOLVE have developed novel transient flow techniques that extend the capabilities of current approaches. SOLVE’s products leverage technology for the efficient collection of data from chemical reactions, as well as predictive computational models tuned based on the collected data. Both the data by itself, as well as the models, are used to informthe reaction conditions and solvent mixtures applied to manufacture chemical compounds at different scales of production.
• Tolemy Bio — The AI-native virtual cell platform for therapeutic development and manufacture.
• Nila Elder Care — Nila acquires independent UK homecare agencies and runs them on our AI platform. Families get care they can count on; owners get a fair exit and a team that's looked after.

Portfolio highlights

• Preply — Looking for a tutor? Preply is the best platform for private online lessons with a flexible payment system and affordable prices. Book your first lesson.
• Veridion — Veridion is a living digital replica of the business world. Decision-grade data for enterprise scale systems
• Fabrica AI — Fabrica AI offers a revolutionary platform for faster robot development, using custom hardware designs and learned optimal control to increase efficiency while minimizing complexity and cost. With a vision for a future where robot development takes days, not years.

Portfolio highlights

• Doughnotts — Doughnotts is a coffee and doughnut shop.
• School of Coding — School of Coding is affiliated with the reputated org, invites you to apply for sept. intake Explore our courses and start your world-class education.
• Halo X Ray Technologies — HALO X-ray Technologies - next generation X-ray diffraction technology for the aviation security, medical and process control markets.

Portfolio highlights

• Go Swag — Branded gifts for people you work with
• Saltroad — Get matched with an experienced HCPC Speech and Language Therapist based on your child's needs, your budget and your schedule. Loved by parents & children.
• Foresight — Foresight turns regulatory change into confident action. Compliance-critical teams see every change that affects their products across chemicals, sustainability, product safety, ESG, and HSE, with the evidence to act.

Portfolio highlights

• Dean's — Dean's is a manufacturer, distributor, and wholesaler of shortbread, biscuits, rusks, oatcakes and other bakery products.
• VQ Contracts — VQ Contracts Ltd is a full service construction and contracting firm that delivers high quality new builds, internal fit outs, and external works. Acting as both a principal contractor and designer, the company leverages a multi disciplined team to provide tailored civil engineering and asset maintenance solutions across diverse commercial andpublic sectors.
• Dwello Property — Dwello Property is a property lettings and management agency operating across Scotland.

Portfolio highlights

• nisien.ai — Nisien.ai uses industry-leading AI for the detection, defence and resolution of online harm, for better online safety and digital wellbeing.
• Design and Supply — Design and Supply are specialist manufacturers and suppliers of Industrial Steel Doors and Architectural Products.
• MeOmics Technology — MeOmics Technology is a biotech company with a focus on improving the diagnosis and treatment of mental health illnesses. The company operates in the manufacturing industry and has a team of 9 employees. The team includes experts in Neuronal Cell Biology and Neuropsychopharmacology. The company's mission is to leverage technology to enhancethe understanding and treatment of mental health conditions.

Portfolio highlights

• TP Group — The UK's top multi-disciplinary contractors, we excel in painting, fire protection, surfacing, and landscaping. With 30+ years of experience.
• Lebus Upholstery — Lebus is one of the UK’s leading manufacturers and suppliers of sofas suites, corner units, and recliners.
• Hercules Site Services — Hercules are a leading Civil Engineering and Construction firm. We provide labour supply services alongside a dedicated first rate pricework team

Portfolio highlights

• Sheffix — Sheffix provides ironmongery and hardware solutions to both trade professionals and domestic customers.
• BatchdUK — Batch’d provide an essential service to the Yorkshire artisan bakery community by giving them access to a larger market.
• East Yorkshire Hydraulics — East Yorkshire Hydraulics Limited specializes in hydraulic engineering services. The company designs, builds, installs, and services hydraulic systems for various industrial applications. With a commitment to health and safety, they have achieved CHAS certification. The company operates in the mechanical or industrial engineering industry andemploys around 20 people.

Portfolio highlights

• Higharc — Higharc is the all-in-one web platform that simplifies, connects and improves each step of design, construction and sales for home building.
• Handle — Purpose-built for material suppliers and contractors to manage the entire process of payments and lien management.
• Trunk Tools — Construction and manufacturing workers are more productive if the right goals and incentives are in place. We can help!

Portfolio highlights

• Rayon — Built for Speed. Designed for Teams.
• Faktus — Le partenaire financier de vos chantiers publics. Le financement de BFR rapide et accessible pour les entreprises du bâtiment
• Kuro Technology — Kuro is the AI ​​foundation for general contractors.

Portfolio highlights

• Paypercut — Paypercut is a fintech startup that allows small and mid-scaled merchants to offer Buy Now, Pay Later at checkout via a single integration.
• Prolo — Prolo is an AI powered procurement experts for construction. Streamline material orders, get market-tested pricing from 185+ brands, and protect your margins.
• Infrawatch — Detect early. Multi-source infrastructure intelligence, delivered in real time, detections, context, and signals you can act on.

Portfolio highlights

• AI Score — AI Score empowers organisations to harness AI safely
• Souk — Coco is an AI partnerships manager: she finds partners, activates them, and handles agreements, attribution and payouts.
• Stoa Corporation — Unlock perks when you save. Saving, reimagined - get high-value perks upfront, not small bank interest.

Portfolio highlights

• Apoello — Apoello is a materials science spin-out company from the University of Liverpool. The company is developing an AI-enabled platform to speed up the discovery of new materials for applications such as renewable energy and organic electronics.
• Robotiz3d — See Clearly. Tailor Insights. Optimise Maintenance.
• SenseAI — SenseAI can generate the same high-quality images and video feeds with up to 100x less data (1% of the original data).

Portfolio highlights

• Mindgard — Mindgard is the leading provider of AI Red Teaming solutions.
• Imperagen — Imperagen is a biotechnology research company focused on enzyme engineering, artificial intelligence, and synthetic biology.
• Nuclear Turbine — Delivering advanced nuclear generation for markets where the cost of electricity is a growth constraint.

Portfolio highlights

• Descycle — Descycle e-waste recycling clean technology
• PES Technologies — Discover PES, the leading precision environmental and agricultural management platform. Optimise land use and improve sustainability.
• Promethean Particles — Promethean Particles is a leading global supplier of industrial-scale, cost-effective, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for carbon capture

Portfolio highlights

• Revive — Revive! is the UK's leading mobile repairer of minor damage to car bodywork or alloy wheels. Interested in a franchise? Follow @revivefranchise.
• Big Potato Games — Big Potato is a board games company that's as versatile as its vegetable namesake.
• Ellis Recruitment Group — Ellis Recruitment Group provides specialist IT staff to enterprises across the world. Through our four brands, we provide an unparalled recruitment service.

Portfolio highlights

• Chamelio — Chamelio builds intelligent technology for in-house legal teams. We understand that every in-house legal team operates uniquely - shaped by their industry context, company culture, and strategic priorities. Our platform adapts to these distinct characteristics, delivering hyper-personalized workflows that evolve with your team's specific needs.
• Archy — SaaS Practice Management Software for Dental Practices
• Lasso Security — Lasso Security defends the LLM frontier with advanced LLM Cybersecurity solutions. Embrace progress and strengthen your AI cybersecurity posture

Portfolio highlights

• Xampla — Xampla's natural plant polymer technology is the innovative technology powering materials to change the world with plastic-free replacements and more.
• Infinitopes — Infinitopes is a cancer research organization whose mission is to strengthen the immune system so that it can stop metastases and save lives. The company's platform creates healthcare systems and therapy designs to integrate high-efficiency vector delivery systems with optimal tumor target identification technologies in early-stage clinicaltrials, allowing patients to prevent cancer and tumors from taking their lives
• AllFocal Optics — AllFocal Optics revolutionizes display technology through groundbreaking nanophotonic solutions.

Portfolio highlights

• Findery — Find and leave notes anywhere in the world, discover local knowledge, hidden secrets, and exciting stories. Share your travel knowledge, geoblog, or local news!
• GAMINSIDE — GAMINSIDE revolutionizes your relationship with your customers. As European full service provider, we deliver the complete package with solutions, services and software for gamified loyalty that is tailor-made and unique to your products, brands and customers. Integrate the best ideas from gamification and customer loyalty in your business areato exceed your commercial targets with GAMINSIDE.
• Polaron — Material Design. Supercharged with AI.

Portfolio highlights

• nesma — nesma is an accredited study center that provides flexible and professional learning opportunities in marketing, digital marketing, and communication skills.
• Mammoth — Mammoth is for those who choose to be well. We create innovative health & comfort products loved by health professionals, athletes and anyone who values comfort
• Precursor Security — Precursor Security are a UK based CREST penetration testing with one mission: to help you protect your business from cyber threats, whatever your needs and your budget.

Portfolio highlights

• xWatts — xWatts is an intelligent energy management software that reduces energy costs and emissions in commercial buildings.
• Orthofuse — Orthofuse designs and manufacturers advance orthopaedic solutions using 3D printing technology. Their focus is on bringing precision and simplicity to complex surgical procedures, creating implants and systems that fit naturally into a surgeon's workflow while delivering dependable outcomes.
• Singular Photonics — Singular Photonics is a startup that creates SPAD-based image sensors.

Portfolio highlights

• nPlan — AI that forecasts project outcomes, creates scenarios of the future and helps mitigate risk across single projects and portfolios. Trained on over 750,000 past programmes.
• Causaly — Causaly is the fastest way to find evidence, explore hidden connections and make new predictions in biomedical science
• Deep Render — Deep Render Ltd. is a spin-out from the Department of Computing at Imperial College London. We are a London based AI start-up that is developing the next generation of media compression algorithms. Our proprietary and patented technology is at the forefront of machine learning research. Furthermore, our Biological Image Compression results arestate-of-the-art, providing at least a 50% efficiency gain over the previous standards