Top 50 Sports VC (Venture Capital) Funds in Spain in November 2024

Investor	Sports Spain investments
Angels Capital	9
TheVentureCity	7
Draper B1	7
TheVentureCity	6
Athos Capital	6
Faraday Venture Partners	6
Cabiedes & Partners	5
JME Ventures	5
Bullnet Capital	5
Criteria Venture Tech	4
Inveready	4
The Crowd Angel	3
Fondo Bolsa Social	3
Big Ban angels	3
ENISA	3
Enzo Ventures	3
Wayra	3
Halvings Capital	2
Avalanche	2
Draper Venture Network	2
Shima Capital	2
BStartup	2
Octopus Ventures	2
Lucid Blue Ventures	2
Banco Sabadell	2
COREangels	2
Capitana Venture Partners	2
Oracles Investment Group	2
Crowdcube	2
AddVenture	2
Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI)	2
squares capital	2
Ona Capital Privat SCR SA	2
4Founders Capital	2
G20 advisors	2
Civeta Investment	2
INNVIERTE ECONOMIA SOSTENIBLE SICC SME SA	2
GP Bullhound	2
Poolz Finance	2
Technogym	2
4Founders Capital	2
Flori Ventures	2
GSR	2
All Iron Ventures	1
Clave	1
BeHappy Investments	1
iSeed Ventures	1
Glisco Partners	1
Kibo Ventures	1
Moira Capital Partners	1

Angels Capital philosophy is to find and support at 1 able to lead a project. Their goal is to support the entrepreneurial, helping to create new businesses, help grow their business sector, generate employment and create wealth.

Investment focus

Software, E-Commerce, Financial Services
Seed, Angel, Funding Round
Spain, United States

Portfolio highlights

Zexel — Zexel is an influence campaign management software streamlining internal financial administrative processes between the agency and the influencer.
Solved — Solved develops intuitive software that replaces the manual process of incident management and root-cause analysis in a collaborative way across the whole food supply chain.Most of the food factories record incidents on paper or Excel sheets. For this reason, they lose a lot of information and a lot of time when managing internal incidents andcustomer complaints.This problem gets even bigger when the entire supply chain (including supermarkets, big corporates, factories…) is involved in the incident resolution process. Everyone works on their own closed system, and the exchange of information about incidents is done through mountains of emails and endless phone calls. That makes collaboration and communication chaotic.As a result, incidents are never fully resolved and factories will keep having the same issues without acting on root causes; which means that large amounts of resources are wasted.
FitnessKPI — FitnessKPI is a software company that offers business analytics services for sports and fitness centers.

Our ticket size ranges from $100-500k for Pre-seed/Seed and $1-4M for Series A companies. We're in search of promising-founders with product-driven mindsets who have a passion for building. Those who've fallen in love with data. For we believe in fit---both product and with the team here. Got a great idea? Come to TheVentureCity and give it the expertise to help it grow.

Investment focus

Software, Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence
Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
United States, Spain, Brazil

Portfolio highlights

Devengo — Light-speed transfers. Our Instant Payments API enables seamless integration to automate payouts to your customers in Europe and the UK.
Plexigrid — We provide tailored solutions for electricity systems by using data analysis and optimization technology.
BrandLovrs — BrandLovrs provides a one-of-a-kind model for gamifying influencer marketing campaigns Brands may use the BrandLovrs platform to collaborate with a large number of producers for scalable and gamified influencer marketing.

We invest in you. Our commitment to innovation and entrepreneurship is your best ally to expand your business. Find out how we can boost your project!

Investment focus

Software, Information Technology, SaaS
Seed, Funding Round, Pre-Seed
Spain, United States, Italy

Portfolio highlights

CubicUp — CubicUp is the person of confidence that accompanies you in your project of Reform from Begin to Finish.
Modular DS — Modular DS enables WordPress professionals and businesses to save time managing their websites.
Imperia — We provide to our clients tools for managing and optimizing their processes in the area of operations through an innovative, advanced and user-friendly software solution. Analytics Demand Planning (ADP) is a complete solution to support the demand forecasting process, based on two key pillars: 1. Easy-to-use: the solution is fully integrated inExcel, providing great ease of use and minimum implementation times. “If you know how to use Excel, you know how to use ADP”. 2. Collaborative planning: the tool is developed under a collaborative environment in which all members of the organization can be involved in the process, improving the decision-making process.Furthermore, it has great computing power based on statistical models and a wide range of advanced functionalities that add extra value to the product. Such as reference segmentation, intelligent cleaning of historical data series and integrated dashboards for sales and forecast analytics.

TheVentureCity is a global early stage venture fund, investing in product-centric startups across the US, Europe and Latam. We believe in founders who expect more from their VC. Our data-driven nature allows us to see beyond borders, knowing talent has no zip code. Which is why we have international hubs in Miami, Madrid, San Francisco and SaoPaulo. We create a steady current of resources, offering a combination of bespoke data insights and guidance from experienced operators. With product-led growth at our core.With more than $160M under management, we invest from pre-seed/seed with a ticket size from $100-300k to Series A with $1-4M.

Investment focus

Software, Artificial Intelligence, SaaS
Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
United States, Spain, Brazil

Portfolio highlights

Spike Technologies — November 30, 2022 - Spike technology, REST API end-points, and Cloud architecture are designed with data privacy and security at heart. We process billions of
Tiny Health — Tiny Health is the first at-home gut health test for moms and babies 0-3 years. Detect any gut imbalances early on and prevent chronic conditions.
Sidekick — Expertly-managed portfolios for the modern investor

Athos Capital is a venture capital firm.

Investment focus

Software, Artificial Intelligence, Information Technology
Seed, Series A, Funding Round
Spain, United States, Germany

Portfolio highlights

Zinkee — Zinkee is a platform where companies can create business applications.
Harbiz — Harbiz es la app para gestionar tu negocio de entrenamiento personal. Harbiz te ayuda a organizarte, comunicarte con clientes y cobrarles en un solo lugar. Customizable. Eficiente. Simple de usar. Prueba Gratis.
Ciudadela — Ciudadela is a property management company that offers digital platform for administrating and managing properties.

Founded in 2011, Faraday Venture Partners is a pan-European Venture Capital firm investing in European innovative early-stage startups via its network of Clubs of Investors and its own Funds.

Investment focus

E-Commerce, SaaS, Software
Seed, Funding Round, Series A
Spain, Germany, France

Portfolio highlights

MERSOR — MERSOR is an online marketplace for stylish and pre-curated gifts with a unique and innovative customer experience. We aim to make gifting easy, fast and fun again by not only providing the perfect gift but also assisting the customers in their overall gift management.
Singularu — Singularu is an e-commerce site that that enables its users to purchase custom-made jewelry. It allows users to get jewelry such as rings, bracelets, earrings, and necklaces handmade with their choice of metal, stone, color, and more.
Semana — Planifiez votre temps de travail en remote ou sur site, optimisez l'allocation des bureaux et organisez facilement le flex-office.

Cabiedes & Partners is a Spanish venture capital firm that provides seed funding and early-stage and later-stage investment services. Cabiedes & Partners was founded in 2009 and is headquartered in Madrid, Spain.

Investment focus

E-Commerce, Internet, Fashion
Seed, Funding Round, Series A
Spain, France, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

Laagam — WE MAKE ATTAINABLE LUXURY. TO BOOST SELF-ESTEEMS. TO INSPIRE WOMEN TO TAKE THE WORLD BY STORM. A CONCEPT WORTH TRYING. HANDMADE IN EUROPE. FROM BARCELONA TO THE WORLD.
Shalion — Shalion provides eCommerce data solutions to help global brands like Heineken, Kellogg's, AB Inveb, ISDIN, Revlon, Wella or Hasbro.Beyond traditional Digital Shelf analytics, Shalion has started a true revolution with an integrated solution that helps brands measure the success of their overall online Visibility and eRetail Media. This toolhelps to monitor all types of retail Ads, Search results (organic or paid), their share of shelf, and promotional activity across the top retailer sites worldwide. The experienced team allows Shalion to adapt fast to the evolving eCommerce landscape and that’s why innovative solutions to monitor Q-Commerce Apps and our Amazon Market Share solution have been also launched recently.
Tutrocito — Tutrocito is an online store that sells decorative supplies and custom-made furniture.

We help build cutting-edge companies like Flywire. Flywire's trusted and secure global payment platform keeps your money moving around the world.

Investment focus

Software, Information Technology, SaaS
Seed, Funding Round, Series A
Spain, United States, Mexico

Portfolio highlights

Hoola — The #1 customer automation platform for commerce. Support, sell and market via WhatsApp on auto-pilot.
Rauda AI — Rauda is an artificial intelligence platform specialized in automating customer service with the best customer experience. Take a quantum leap in productivity, reduce costs and improve customer satisfaction with the power of generative artificial intelligence.
XRF.ai — We simplify complexity by presenting crucial information visually and accessibly. With generative AI, we learn and maximize available options, ensuring clarity and confidence in every decision.

Independent Venture Capital Firm specialized in high technology Spanish start-ups. Helping tech entrepreneurs during the early stages of their company to build successful businesses

Investment focus

Software, Information Technology, Enterprise Software
Funding Round, Seed, Series A
Spain, United States, Mexico

Portfolio highlights

MLCode — Accelerated by massive AI/ML adoption, Data is to become the most critical resource for Enterprises. MLCode vision is to protect that Data. MLCode: Data Security Automation.
Inspiration-Q — Inspiration-Q focuses on developing and commercializing software solutions inspired by quantum computing for financial applications.
Mapsi Photonics — Mapsi Photonics focuses on developing macroporous silicon infrared filters for industrial applications like gas identification and thermal vision, aiming to improve performance, cost, resolution, operational range, and environmental footprint.

Criteria Venture Tech is the tech VC fund of CriteriaCaixa which invests in B2B SaaS and DeepTech companies in early and growth stages (Pre-Seed to Series C) managing more than €300M of AUM.

Investment focus

Software, Biotechnology, E-Commerce
Seed, Funding Round, Series A
Spain, United States, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

Enline — Technology for Power Systems, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OPERATORS, INDUSTRY AND MINING, ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION, INSURANCE AND CONSULTANCY, UTILITIES & POWER GENERATION, ENLINE MONITORING SYSTEM, ENLINE DYNAMIC LINE RATING, ENLINE FAULT LOCATION, ENLINE POWER OPTIMIZATION .
Medlumics — Medlumics is a medical device start-up born in 2009 from a compromise with improving human living standards by means of technology.
KIT-AR — Reduce time and costs spent fixing errors on your manufacturing shopfloor with quality assurance and augmented reality- Click in to find how!

We are a leading asset manager in Spain. We invest in early-stage VC, growth VC, venture debt, strategic public equity, private equity and infrastructure. Our different strategies allow us to provide financing solutions to companies throughout their life-cycle.

Investment focus

Software, Biotechnology, Information Technology
Seed, Funding Round, Series A
Spain, United States, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

Nanusens — Nanusens shrinks MEMS sensors and builds nanoscale sensors (NEMS – Nano Electro Mechanical Systems) along with the control electronics using standard CMOS processes.
IENAI SPACE — IENAI SPACE develops efficient ionic-liquid electric propulsion systems and mission analysis for nano-satellites. The company provides propulsion modules customized for each particular platform and mission, from 2U to 12U, from RAAN-spacing to Earth-Moon transits or de-orbiting.Its versatile Tailored Taylor Thruster is highly scalable in specificimpulse and thrust. It is based on a novel iteration of electrospray thrusters, which boast high theoretical efficiencies for electric propulsion technologies in the low power range. In combination with its decreased form factor, meaning less propellant on-board, making this technology attractive in constrained volumes.IENAI SPACE was founded in 2019 and is headquartered in Madrid, Spain.
Scaleup Finance — Improve your financial management

The Crowd Angel is a premium equity crowdfunding platform that enables its users to invest from 3.000€ in a selection of the best Spanish startups. A hybrid between crowdfunding and venture capital, it takes an active part on the board of the companies invested. The platform opens the business angel model to people wanting to enter the startupecosystem.We have co-invested together with some of top Spanish VCs (Inveready, Keyword VC, Antai Venture Builder, Media Digital Ventures, Bankinter, etc). We are backed by Inveready and Keyword VC.

Investment focus

Internet, E-Commerce, Software
Seed, Funding Round, Equity Crowdfunding
Spain, Norway

Portfolio highlights

VOLAVA — Volava is a fitness platform that brings the energy and benefits of studio-style workouts to the convenience and comfort of home. It is a connected, technology-enabled fitness boutique. It also makes fitness entertaining, approachable, effective, and convenient, while fostering social connections and building a community around wellness. Volavawas founded in 2017 and is headquartered in Barcelona, Spain.
Enso Spaces — The best coliving in Spain! We are in Barcelona, Madrid and Valencia. Apartments ready to move in and a community of people like you. Find your space!
Kymatio — Support your people. Protect the company. New approach to Employee Cybersecurity Management: Kymatio identifies, analyzes, assesses, and provides the means to treat the cyber risk of human origin. Visibility: allows companies to know the cyber risk they are facing, how it's distributed, and having metrics about the evolution along time.Efficiency: provides personalized and targeted plans, that can help to use technological tools where and how they are really needed. IT Risk Management + Neuroscience People: they are not agents that produce incidents, but valuable assets that manage information. They have vulnerabilities and are exposed to threats.Risks can be identified, measured and mitigated.

Fondo Bolsa Social venture capital fund that invests into startups or new companies that generates positive social and environmental impact.

Investment focus

SaaS, Software, B2B
Seed, Funding Round, Pre-Seed
Spain

Portfolio highlights

toddl.co — Reserva clases, campamentos y eventos para tus hij@s en 3 clics
CubicUp — CubicUp is the person of confidence that accompanies you in your project of Reform from Begin to Finish.
Punto Health — A digital solution for management of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. PuntoClinic for healthcare providers and PuntoCare for patients and carers.

Big Ban angels is a private non-profit association related to the sector of private investment in seed capital. Our partners are individuals or business angels, networks of business angels and investment clubs, accelerators and business incubators, family offices, private equity funds and other private investors.

Investment focus

E-Commerce, Software, Travel
Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
Spain

Portfolio highlights

Panapop — Panapop is e-commerce that specializes in watches with their own personality, for any occasion. Its watches have a unique and different dial design. It was founded in 2015 and is headquartered in Valencia, Spain.
Boatjump — Boatjump is the easiest and most complete online platform for renting boats Worldwide. With a database of over 20.000 boats, users can search, compare and book their boats in just 3 clicks at the best rates available.This challenging entrepreneur project was set up in 2016 and since that more than 25.000 users have sailed with Boatjump.Boatjumpsolves the following problems: 1. The process for searching, comparing and booking a boat on the Internet is slow and complex. 2. Most of websites don't show real time availability. 3. The client hardly knows the final price and the real location of the boat.This market place connects people that want to rent a boat with boat owners and boat agencies, brokering in between. Our adding value is connecting these people on a quick, simple and intuitive way, always presenting final and comparable price with real time availability. At the moment, the main source markets for Boatjump are USA and Spanish speaking countries and the main destinations are Caribbean, Spain Croatia, Greece, Turkey and Italy. Boatjump has been growing 3 digits since it was funded.Head offices in Valencia (Spain) & Miami (USA)For more info, please see www.boatjump.com
Discocil — Discocil is software that digitizes the management of nightlife venues and events. We control sales in real time, measure the performance of employees and generate reports on customer preferences. That way, we achieve more productive, profitable and sustainable businesses over time.Nightlife is a sector that has great potential, yet it is notdigitized. More than 90% of businesses do not use any management software. They do not have real-time information about their income since they manage more than 40 sales channels in a paper, they do not measure the performance of their employees and they do not have a database of their clients either.A nightlife promoter invests, on average, 12 hours per week in management and measurement tasks, which limits their possibilities to grow their business.Thanks to Discocil, promoters can perform these tasks of management and measurement in just 2 hours per week. We add value in four fundamental pillars: management of all sales channels in a single dashboard, real-time reports, ticketing, and capacity control. We provide promoters with the most valuable asset of the next decade: information.

ENISA is a public company under the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism, through the Directorate General of Industry and Small and medium-sized enterprises which, since 1982, actively participates in the financing of viable and innovative business projects.

Investment focus

Software, Health Care, E-Commerce
Seed, Debt Financing, Pre-Seed
Spain, United States, France

Portfolio highlights

Remolon — Remolon's mission is to reduce food losses and waste while also building a better food system for all.
Ubicuity — Ubicuity is a software platform that allows to create and manage advanced audiovisual experiences for space managers and content providers.
Kreios Space — Kreios Space is developing an electric propulsion system to revolutionize the satellite industry. With this technology we enable orbital keeping in VLEO (Very Low Earth Orbits) thanks to renewable energy. We make space applications easier.

We are an early-stage VC fund investing in tech companies that meet future generation needs

Investment focus

Software, Information Technology, Financial Services
Pre-Seed, Seed, Series A
Spain, Ireland, Portugal

Portfolio highlights

Harbiz — Harbiz es la app para gestionar tu negocio de entrenamiento personal. Harbiz te ayuda a organizarte, comunicarte con clientes y cobrarles en un solo lugar. Customizable. Eficiente. Simple de usar. Prueba Gratis.
Remuner — The sales compensation platform that helps you align your company and employee goals by automating all aspects of incentive plans.
Bankflip — Permissioned data technology to collect and process your customers' income, tax, employment & other relevant data & documents in real-time

Wayra is a globally connected and technological open innovation hub in the world. We currently operate in 10 countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Germany, Mexico, Peru, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Venezuela.Through Telefónica our global presence allows us to be at the helm of innovation, shoulder to shoulder with drivenentrepreneurs and in a position to engage the right partners and leaders of industries for business. Our mission is clear, to connect innovators with Telefónica and generate joint business opportunities. We are the interface between Telefónica and entrepreneurial ecosystems across the globe because innovation makes good business sense.

Investment focus

Software, Information Technology, SaaS
Seed, Funding Round, Pre-Seed
Spain, United Kingdom, United States

Portfolio highlights

Ciudadela — Ciudadela is a property management company that offers digital platform for administrating and managing properties.
Legit Health — Legit.Health is the Revolutionary Clinical Data and Communication tool for Next-generation dermatologists that triples the empowerment of patients.
Perplexity — Perplexity is a search engine platform that uses artificial intelligence to provide large language models and search engines. The company's platform enables the development of beneficial artificial general intelligence, as well as an open-source environment that is accessible to the public, allowing clients to develop skills and knowledge inartificial intelligence.

Halvings Capital is to invest in crypto projects with lots of potentials, before anyone else.

Investment focus

Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, Software
Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
Spain, Canada, Sweden

Portfolio highlights

Orbofi — Explore and Create Voice-powered AI clones and smart AI companions, that can answer and do anything for you.
OpenStamp — Features SRC20 & Stamps Marketplace, Minting Service, Launchpad, and an Explorer for SRC20 & Stamps asset tracking.
Hackless — Hackless is a platform of security services and analytics for your DeFi protocol. The 1st out-of-the-box MEV-solution that helps to protect smart contracts from the hack attacks.

Avalanche is the fastest smart contracts platform in the blockchain industry, as measured by time-to-finality, and has the most validators securing its activity of any proof-of-stake protocol.

Investment focus

Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Gaming
Seed, Series A, Grant
United States, Spain, France

Portfolio highlights

homium — Homium makes home equity accessible for homeowners and creates a new institutional asset class that changes the way homes are financed.
CCX — CCX's objective is to bridge the gap between traditional finance (TradFi) and decentralised finance (DeFi) by facilitating seamless transactions between stablecoins and CBDCs.
Morning Line Club — Morning Line Club is a revolutionary platform that changes horse ownership and business.

Draper Venture Network is a robust venture collective bringing together experienced investors and innovative entrepreneurs from around the globe to share strategies, source opportunities, and create greater value.Started in 1990, Draper Venture Network has since grown into a self-governed organization of independent venture funds on fourcontinents who cooperate on investment diligence, marketing intelligence, corporate relationships and co-investments.All member funds are independent, raise their own capital and manage their own investment decisions.

Investment focus

Financial Services, Marketplace, Rental
Seed, Series A
Spain, South Korea, United States

Portfolio highlights

BitRobot — BitRobot is a blockchain security startup established by financial security experts from the Korea Financial Clearance Service. Through the refined and deep experience accumulated over a long period of working with traditional financial companies such as banks, securities, and credit card companies, they help customers meet the technical,administrative, and institutional requirements required when introducing blockchain technology.
Boatjump — Boatjump is the easiest and most complete online platform for renting boats Worldwide. With a database of over 20.000 boats, users can search, compare and book their boats in just 3 clicks at the best rates available.This challenging entrepreneur project was set up in 2016 and since that more than 25.000 users have sailed with Boatjump.Boatjumpsolves the following problems: 1. The process for searching, comparing and booking a boat on the Internet is slow and complex. 2. Most of websites don't show real time availability. 3. The client hardly knows the final price and the real location of the boat.This market place connects people that want to rent a boat with boat owners and boat agencies, brokering in between. Our adding value is connecting these people on a quick, simple and intuitive way, always presenting final and comparable price with real time availability. At the moment, the main source markets for Boatjump are USA and Spanish speaking countries and the main destinations are Caribbean, Spain Croatia, Greece, Turkey and Italy. Boatjump has been growing 3 digits since it was funded.Head offices in Valencia (Spain) & Miami (USA)For more info, please see www.boatjump.com
Funderbeam — Funderbeam is a funding and trading platform that connects companies and investors to buy and sell equity stakes. The platform allows the founders to gain exposure, legal support, a funding manager, or an investor network. It also allows the investors to take control of their investments and trade anytime they want.The company was founded in 2013as a global data platform for startup companies.

Shima Capital is an investment fund that focuses on supporting blockchain startups. The firm is headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States.

Investment focus

Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, Gaming
Seed, Funding Round, Pre-Seed
United States, Singapore, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

Stashh — Collect, create, trade, share, discover, and decrypt digital collectibles on Stashh - the omnichain NFT hub.
Ava Protocol — Ava Protocol is an event-driven EigenLayer AVS that seamlessly automates cross-chain transactions for DeFi, NFTs, games, and more.
Goldilocks DAO — Goldilocks is a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) dedicated to creating custom defi infrastructure for Berachain. The Goldilocks Protocol is comprised of three primary components: Goldiswap, Goldilend, Goldivaults.

A Banc Sabadell initiative to support young companies in developing their projects. Bstartup is designed to support entrepreneurs so their projects can be developed with maximum guarantees of success. - Investment and growth - Specialized products and branches - Collaborative innovation

Investment focus

Software, Information Technology, Health Care
Seed, Funding Round, Pre-Seed
Spain, United States

Portfolio highlights

toddl.co — Reserva clases, campamentos y eventos para tus hij@s en 3 clics
Remuner — The sales compensation platform that helps you align your company and employee goals by automating all aspects of incentive plans.
Emely AI — Emily.AI enables the adaptation to various environments and patient conditions, reducing or eliminating the need for medical supervision. The company has developed an oxygen therapy medical device that uses artificial intelligence to dynamically adjust to each patient's specific needs.

We provide venture capital investment for the people, ideas and industries that will change the world. Learn about what we do and the kind of founders we back.

Investment focus

Software, Health Care, Artificial Intelligence
Series A, Seed, Series B
United Kingdom, United States, Germany

Portfolio highlights

Desia — Desia provides advanced AI applications for productivity, automation, and analytics for financial services.
NanoSyrinx — NanoSyrinx is an award-winning, discovery stage biotechnology company based in the UK. We are using synthetic biology approaches to develop protein nanosyringes as a completely novel modality for intracellular delivery of protein and peptide biologic drugs.
Stema — It serves as a platform for hiring engineers

Lucid Blue Ventures operates as a venture capital firm.

Investment focus

Blockchain, Gaming, Cryptocurrency
Seed, Funding Round, Angel
Singapore, United States, Spain

Portfolio highlights

Relayz — Relayz is a Web3 communication that is extremely secure, protects privacy, is censorship-resistant, and is decentralized. Relayz utilizes cutting-edge technologies for better scalability.
Credbull — Credbull manages on-chain private credit funds that provide vital financing solutions to creditworthy small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Ink Finance — Ink Finance is the scalability solution for web3 DAOs, protocols and asset managers, enabling them to customize asset management and governance frameworks through a no-code interface, to effectively establish on-chain credit and financial competence. Ink Finance allows a one-stop and frictionless solution for organized financial activities, with scalability and customizability.

Banco Sabadell is a banking group that specializes in serving small and medium enterprises. It comprises of several banks, brands, subsidiaries, and associated banks. The company was founded in 1881 and is headquartered in Alicante, Spain.

Investment focus

Software, Internet, Health Care
Seed, Debt Financing, Funding Round
Spain, United Kingdom, Israel

Portfolio highlights

MOA — MOA make healthy food for a sustainable world that solves growing global food demands. They are establishing a new industry of sustainable food that solves growing global food demands without the need for arable land. They are focused on designing high-value, natural and nutritious food.
Elawan Energy — Elawan Energy is a vertically integrated company with a long-standing track record in developing, financing, constructing, and operating its own renewable power plants worldwide, with the goal of establishing its position as a significant global renewable Independent Power Producer. It promotes, builds, and operates wind farms around the worldleading the wind energy market. The company has 714 megawatts of operational projects, more than 460 megawatts under construction, and a development pipeline of over 10 gigawatts.
Vivira — Vivira Health Lab focuses on making physical rehab programs available to everyone.

Where startups can get much more than money, and Investors can professionally invest as angels.

Investment focus

Software, E-Commerce, Information Technology
Seed, Pre-Seed, Angel
Spain, Portugal, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

Imageryst — Imageryst automatically extracts satellite imagery insights to enhance global strategic and operational decisions.
Plain Tiger — Elevate your hotel and spa with Plain Tiger's B2B marketplace. Source sustainably from our curated portfolio of consumables suppliers, featuring leading products for spas, hotel rooms, and operations. Connect with verified sustainable suppliers, fueling an eco-conscious shift in hospitality.
Triple — The best payment data enrichment solution. Our API includes fraud detection, transaction enrichment, categorization, subscriptions, and carbon footprint.

Captain Venture Partners is specialized investing in early stage companies with high growth potential and international scope.Initial investment range between 200,000 € and 500,000 €, with the possibility of follow investments, in technology driven companies and/or companies with innovative business models commercially tested.Seeking forcommitted enterpreneurs to build something big and exciting together.

Investment focus

B2B, Rental, Travel
Seed, Funding Round, Series A
Spain, United States

Portfolio highlights

Boatjump — Boatjump is the easiest and most complete online platform for renting boats Worldwide. With a database of over 20.000 boats, users can search, compare and book their boats in just 3 clicks at the best rates available.This challenging entrepreneur project was set up in 2016 and since that more than 25.000 users have sailed with Boatjump.Boatjumpsolves the following problems: 1. The process for searching, comparing and booking a boat on the Internet is slow and complex. 2. Most of websites don't show real time availability. 3. The client hardly knows the final price and the real location of the boat.This market place connects people that want to rent a boat with boat owners and boat agencies, brokering in between. Our adding value is connecting these people on a quick, simple and intuitive way, always presenting final and comparable price with real time availability. At the moment, the main source markets for Boatjump are USA and Spanish speaking countries and the main destinations are Caribbean, Spain Croatia, Greece, Turkey and Italy. Boatjump has been growing 3 digits since it was funded.Head offices in Valencia (Spain) & Miami (USA)For more info, please see www.boatjump.com
Sateliot — Sateliot is the first satellite telecom operator for global continuous IoT connectivity merging satellite and terrestrial networks under 5G protocol
Science Bits — Science Bits provides teachers with lessons that help them teach science in a way, which engages their students. The company is founded in 2011 and is based in Barcelona, Spain.

Oracles Investment Group provides one of a kind platform for Crypto Project teams to raise capital, grow supporters, and Crypto Investors to take part in promising projects.

Investment focus

Blockchain, Gaming, Cryptocurrency
Seed, Funding Round, Series A
Singapore, United Kingdom, Sweden

Portfolio highlights

TES AI — TES AI is a decentralized AI computing protocol that provides low-cost, high-quality computing power services in a decentralized way to enterprises
Ordzaar — Ordzaar is the operator of a decentralized Bitcoin marketplace where crypto traders can buy, sell, and exchange ordinals.
Nexus Interactive — Nexus Interactive gives collective growth and accrued value to its ecosystem.

Whether you're a beginner or an experienced investor, we make it simple to buy and sell shares in Europe's most exciting high-growth businesses.

Investment focus

FinTech, Food and Beverage, Financial Services
Equity Crowdfunding, Convertible Note, Seed
United Kingdom, Spain, United States

Portfolio highlights

Mintos — Mintos is a platform that provides retail investors with an accessible way to build wealth through loan-based investments. Through their platform retail investors can invest in a diversified way in income-producing assets to build wealth in the long term. They implement environmental, social, and employee matters, respect for human rights,anti‐corruption, and anti‐bribery matters within their remuneration policy practices and other internal company documents.
ThinkSono — ThinkSono is a company at the cutting edge of medicine and technology.
Rematch — Rematch is a video editing application that allows users to edit, record, and share videos and highlights of the game.

AddVenture is a region & stage agnostic venture capital fund with a Russian origin. Our investment range is $1-10M.

Investment focus

Internet, E-Commerce, Software
Series A, Seed, Funding Round
Russian Federation, United States, Spain

Portfolio highlights

Borzo — Borzo is a global delivery service that enables intracity same-day delivery. Our algorithms optimize numerous parallel deliveries taking into account the geographical routes, packages’ contents, couriers and many others to ensure the feasibility of the same-day delivery. The services are available in 10 countries including Brazil, India, Indonesia,Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, the Philippines, Russia, Turkey and Vietnam and are used by 3 million customers ranging from SMEs to enterprises.
MetroSpeedy — MetroSpeedy is a leading technology based local delivery company providing on-demand, same day or scheduled delivery services.
Jiffy Grocery — Grow your business with Jiffy SaaS platform which includes app/website, picking, delivery, supply chain & replenishment services

The Center for Industrial Technological Development (CDTI) is a public corporation under the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, which promotes innovation and technological development of Spanish companies. Is the entity which channels requests for funding and support to projects I + D + i of Spanish companies in the national andinternational levels. The CDTI has a staff of more than 300 people formed three quarters of engineers and graduates. Although the bulk of the infrastructure of the CDTI is located in Madrid, the Centre offers Spanish companies a strategic network of offices and representatives abroad (Japan -SBTO (Spain Business and Technology Office) - Belgium -SOST (Spain Office of Science and Technology) and Permanent Secretariat Eureka-, Brazil -FINEP (Financier of Studies and Projects) -, Korea, Chile, Morocco, China, India, Mexico and USA) to support them in their technological activities of type int .

Investment focus

Biotechnology, Health Care, Software
Funding Round, Seed, Grant
Spain, United States, France

Portfolio highlights

Tebrio — At the rate that the world is growing, we’ll only have enough food to feed 50% of our future population by 2050 and introducing novel proteins into the food value chain that are rich in amino acids and use less water and arable land is the only solution forward for mankind and the planet, which is why, in 2014, Adriana Casillas and Sabas de Diegofounded Tebrio, the world’s leading carbon-negative, zero-residue insect biotechnology company, which tackles climate change and the world food crisis by breeding and transforming rich amino acid mealworms into three main co-products: (i) sustainabe premium fish, pet and animal feed (ii) biofertilizer for plant nutrition that acts as a natural pest repellent (iii) chitosan to manufacture biodegradable plastic that disolves in water. Our carbon negative pilot farm produces 500 tons of co-products a year, does not emit greenhouse gases like ammonia or methane, uses 98% less water and 90% less arable land than other animal and plant protein farms, and is the only company in our industry in Spain that has received an ISO9001 certification, which guarantees the quality of our products. Thanks to our current operations, we have secured an undisclosed Series A round, which we are using to develop a EUR 50 million insect farm that will take us from a 500 tn to a 100.000 tns production of co-products a year and will be the largest of its kind in the world. Company Key Metrics: • Tebrio has 8 industrial patents in 150 countries • Tebrio’s operations are carbon negative, zero residue, and we do not emit greenhouse gases like ammonia or methane • With the same amount of natural resources, we are able to produce 500% more protein for fishmeal and animal feed than plant protein and livestock farms • Our protein for fish and animal feed is 90% digestible, 70% protein, high in essential amino acids and unsaturated fat • Tebrio was the first certified producer in the world of mealworm protein for fish and animal feed and biofertilizer for plant nutrition • Our tech powered biofertilizer has 10x more nutrients than other organic fertilizers and thanks to its properties, acts as a natural pest repellent • We are the only Spanish company in our industry with an ISO9001 certification • We are building the world’s largest insect farm, which will produce 100.000 tons of co-products a year for animal feed and plant fertilization • We use big data and 4.0 industries to industrially produce and control the Tenebrio Molitor insect
Zeleros — Leaders in the development of hyperloop technologies, we are your new electrification & automation partner in the mobility sector.
INBRAIN Neuroelectronics — We are scientists, doctors, techies and humanity lovers, with the mission of building neuroelectronic interfaces to cure brain disorders.

Squares Capital is a company where diversified talent matches a disruptive collective vision. Unlike many traditional venture capital firms, we build collaborations, partnerships, alliances and advise promising start-ups, growing them into highly attractive projects for the crypto space. We take an active approach to our investments by utilizingour experience, giving the most optimal strategic advice and guidance that leads to shortcuts for the optimal path to success.

Investment focus

Gaming, eSports, Blockchain
Seed, Funding Round
Spain

Portfolio highlights

Banger — Banger is a blockchain-powered gaming platform that provides its users with an array of earning possibilities. Banger was founded in 2019 and was headquartered in Madrid, Spain.

Impulsem emprenedors que volem transformar el sector on operen, que aspiren a construir empreses globals i que ho volen fer sent socialment responsables.

Investment focus

Retail, Travel, Fashion
Pre-Seed, Series A, Series B
Spain, United States

Portfolio highlights

Tropicfeel — Made for exploring everything, from New York City to the Galapagos: Versatile, Quick Drying, High Tech and Anti-Odor
FlamAid — FlamAid is an innovative startup committed to improving personal safety through smart technological solutions.
Tattoox — Tattoox is an online service that connects tattoo artists with customers.

4Founders Capital is Venture Capital fund, founded in Barcelona in 2017 investing in high growth technology companies with a clear focus on profit generation, efficient use of capital and with solid teams.4Founders Capital is promoted by Jesús Monleón, Marc Badosa, Javier Pérez-Tenessa and Marek Fodor. 4Founders team's international DNA andextensive experience as Founders and CEOs of successful technology companies allows to assist entrepreneurs and maximize their chances of success to build high impact global technology businesses.We are interested in projects with solid teams, which aim to create large international companies, with a market-tested superior product or service, and a clear revenue and profit generation model. Companies are not required to be in break-even.We invest anywhere from €100K in early stage investments, and typically bring co-investors with us to increase that amount. We do follow-ons for up to €4M per company over the lifetime of our investment.

Investment focus

Software, FinTech, SaaS
Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
Spain, United States, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

LoopUp — LoopUp exists to provide multinational businesses with one global telephony provider, simplifying and centralizing telephony management and support, and delivering economies of scale. LoopUp is the world leader in global coverage for Microsoft's certified Operator Connect program.
Anyformat — Unlock your data: Extract anything from anywhere. Extract structured data and fields from unstructured sources such as PDF, Audio or Excel. Extract all the fields that you need easily with AI and high accuracy.
Banktrack — Banktrack provides All the bank movements by Email, WhatsApp, or your favorite channel.

G20 advisors is a Zug-based investment advisory firm.It is focused on investment and advisory services in foreign exchange, equities, precious metals, futures, fixed income, and commodities. The team is composed of individuals with extensive buy-side and proprietary trading experience.

Investment focus

Gaming, eSports, Blockchain
Seed, Funding Round
Spain

Portfolio highlights

Banger — Banger is a blockchain-powered gaming platform that provides its users with an array of earning possibilities. Banger was founded in 2019 and was headquartered in Madrid, Spain.

The Civet is a mammal small, omnivorous, with excellent hearing and vision and very prolific . Inspired by these characteristics a business group of the Internet world came together in 2013 to bring these features to the Internet investment.Civet Investment SA is a company established in March 2013 with the objective of investing in technologystartups. They seek investments with high growth potential where they can bring something more than capital: What they call Smart Money or Smart Money.Thanks to the experience of their founders and members of the board, try their entrance as partners in a company contribution experience, advice and support arising from synergies between projects which they are partners.They can consider Civet Investment SA as a Business Angel Association, where they seek to grow periodically to accommodate more members and more investment.

Investment focus

E-Commerce, Marketplace, Apps
Seed, Pre-Seed, Angel
Spain, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

GasPay — I found a great domain name for sale on Dan.com. Check it out!
GourmetPay — GourmetPay offers a mobile application and API that enables users to pay at bars and restaurants. Its features include automatic payment services, discounts for payments, digital bills, and loyalty cards. The application is available for download on the App Store and Google Play. GourmetPay was launched as HeyPlease in 2013 and acquired in 2017 byUp Group (Cheque Déjeuner).
Eelp! — Eelp! is an app to delegate all personal daily needs busy people have, 365. Taking your car for a wash, pet-sitting your dog while traveling, doing groceries, sending a physiotherapist home, a manicure to the office, a cab to the airport.. an Eelper will manage that for you, with best providers at best price, happy to Eelp.

CDTI

Investment focus

Apps, Big Data, Aerospace
Pre-Seed, Series A
Spain

Portfolio highlights

Inspide — Understand all the information in the real world and make it actionable
FYLA — At FYLA we create unique All-fiber Ultrafast pulsed lasers by Joining Singularity with Quality. Discover our multiphoton and two photon lasers!
2Eyes Vision — 2EyesVision is a start-up (CSIC spin-off) specialized in the creation, development, and commercialization of novel ophthalmic technologies.

Since 1999, GP Bullhound has invested in and advised brilliant leaders. Powered by more than 180 employees across 13 offices worldwide.

Investment focus

Software, E-Commerce, Internet
Funding Round, Series B, Series A
United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain

Portfolio highlights

Q-CTRL — Infrastructure software to power the quantum future
Sesamy — Sesamy provides frictionless single purchases and consumption of digital content, without restricting the user’s choice of app or device.
CoverManager — CoverManager is a tool for creating, sell and managing reservations of a restaurant.

Poolz is a decentralized swapping protocol offering blockchain startups the ideal package of services, including tech, investors, and influencers, to manage their listing process successfully on the Poolz D’app.

Investment focus

Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Gaming
Seed, Funding Round, Pre-Seed
Estonia, Singapore, Spain

Portfolio highlights

AutoLayer — All LRTfi. One Interface.
Banger — Banger is a blockchain-powered gaming platform that provides its users with an array of earning possibilities. Banger was founded in 2019 and was headquartered in Madrid, Spain.
Neptune Mutual — Need Crypto Insurance? You don't need to submit loss proof to receive payouts. No need to wait after creating a claim. Get a free price quote now.

Technogym, the leading designer of gym equipment & fitness solutions trusted by thousands of gyms, fitness centres and home owners around the world

Investment focus

Fitness, Wellness, Apps
Seed, Series A
Spain, Italy, United States

Portfolio highlights

Quainted — Surveys and reports do not improve employee engagement. Solving problems do.Quainted improves employee engagement by identifying problems, assigning a person to fix these and allowing your employees to find and implement the solutions there and then.Their customers are medium - large companies that has to improve their employees'engagement.
Hussle — Gym membership with total flexibility. Gym passes to no contract gym memberships that you can use in thousands of gyms across the UK. Gym and swim wherever you want to. Stop and start whenever you like.
ARENA — The ultimate home gym unit. Designed by athletes and coaches to drive growth & fitness in as little as 10 minutes per day. Proudly manufactured in the USA.

4Founders Capital is Venture Capital fund, founded in Barcelona in 2017 investing in high growth technology companies with a clear focus on profit generation, efficient use of capital and with solid teams.4Founders Capital is promoted by Jesús Monleón, Marc Badosa, Javier Pérez-Tenessa and Marek Fodor. 4Founders team's international DNA andextensive experience as Founders and CEOs of successful technology companies allows to assist entrepreneurs and maximize their chances of success to build high impact global technology businesses.We are interested in projects with solid teams, which aim to create large international companies, with a market-tested superior product or service, and a clear revenue and profit generation model. Companies are not required to be in break-even.We invest anywhere from €100K in early stage investments, and typically bring co-investors with us to increase that amount. We do follow-ons for up to €4M per company over the lifetime of our investment.

Investment focus

Software, FinTech, Financial Services
Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
Spain, United States, Israel

Portfolio highlights

Vidext — We turn text into videos in more than 40 languages. Increase your impact, reach and engagement. Decrease your effort, budget and headaches.
TaxDown — TaxDown has revolutionized tax advice by being lone of the pioneers in digital service that lets users file income tax returns easily. It claims to guarantee the taxpayers the desired results. As this company is the collaborator of the Tax Agency, taxpayers can present their income statements on their own platform. The digital and automaticsolution maximizes savings.
Banktrack — Banktrack provides All the bank movements by Email, WhatsApp, or your favorite channel.

More than a seed-stage fund and a portfolio of startups: Our community of founders taps into the power of financial innovation to collaborate around global problems and unlock prosperity for all.

Investment focus

Blockchain, FinTech, Cryptocurrency
Seed, Pre-Seed, Funding Round
United States, United Kingdom, India

Portfolio highlights

Mento Labs — Mento Labs is a decentralized EVM platform for launching and managing multi-currency stable assets.
Learn.xyz — Empower your team with learning they'll actually enjoy: Learn.xyz automatically turns your documents into bite-sized learning modules to enjoy on the phone.
Thrive Protocol — Thrive Protocol's vision is to maximize value creation for all people and communities.

GSR is the global leader in crypto trading and market-making. We specialize in providing liquidity, trading and risk management solutions.

Investment focus

Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, Financial Services
Seed, Series A, Funding Round
United States, Singapore, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

MeshMap — MeshMap is a decentralized 3D map developer focused on creating a decentralized 3D globe map and augmented reality (AR) content network.
Nillion — The Secure Processing Layer of Web3
Ordzaar — Ordzaar is the operator of a decentralized Bitcoin marketplace where crypto traders can buy, sell, and exchange ordinals.

All Iron Ventures partners up with bold founders promoting innovative startups. We mainly invest in the early stages of European companies that aspire to reshape the future of both consumers and enterprises through technology. We at All Iron Ventures have been and continue to be entrepreneurs. We know what it is to be a founder and empathize withthe challenges our partner founders face. We put our resources and experience creating, scaling and selling companies at their disposal to help them take their projects to the next level. Based in Bilbao, Spain, and with approximately €110Mn under management, All Iron Ventures was promoted by the founders of Ticketbis, a global marketplace sold to eBay in 2016, in what is one of the main success stories in Spain’s startup ecosystem.

Investment focus

Software, E-Commerce, Internet
Seed, Series A, Series B
Spain, United States, United Kingdom

Portfolio highlights

Manglai — Manglai is a user-friendly platform that simplifies, speeds up, and ensures the accuracy of carbon footprint measurement, reduction, and certification.
Exoticca — Exoticca develops an online platform intended to facilitate travel booking. The company's platform offers holiday packages which includes flights, accommodation, meals, guides and private transports, for exotic locations all around the world, enabling travelers to book travel packages online at competitive prices.
Imperia — We provide to our clients tools for managing and optimizing their processes in the area of operations through an innovative, advanced and user-friendly software solution. Analytics Demand Planning (ADP) is a complete solution to support the demand forecasting process, based on two key pillars: 1. Easy-to-use: the solution is fully integrated inExcel, providing great ease of use and minimum implementation times. “If you know how to use Excel, you know how to use ADP”. 2. Collaborative planning: the tool is developed under a collaborative environment in which all members of the organization can be involved in the process, improving the decision-making process.Furthermore, it has great computing power based on statistical models and a wide range of advanced functionalities that add extra value to the product. Such as reference segmentation, intelligent cleaning of historical data series and integrated dashboards for sales and forecast analytics.

Clave is an investment management company.

Investment focus

Biotechnology, Health Care, Software
Seed, Series A, Funding Round
Spain, Chile, Switzerland

Portfolio highlights

Shakers — We are Shakers and we are redefining the future of work. We connect companies and talent with a perfect match between personal and professional life through technology and methodology. We want to achieve a lifestyle in which work is synonymous with happiness so that you can work where, how and when you want. And thus be more productive and havebetter results in the projects in which you collaborate. Sounds good to you? You already have DNA Shakers, follow us !!
MainRail — KEY BENEFITS Reduce maintenance costs by preventing unscheduled repairs and optimizing resource allocation. Increase the capacity of your network by minimizing the risk of service unavailability thanks to
D-Sight — D-Sight is an early treatment for the leading cause of preventable blindness in the working-age population.

BeHappy Investments a fund in which, in addition to financial gains, the development of sustainable initiatives, support for rural modernization, and environmental stewardship take precedence.

Investment focus

Guides, Hunting, Search Engine
Seed
Spain

Portfolio highlights

Hunty — Hunty is an online platform with integrated search engine for finding, comparing, and hiring hunting offers for a better hunting experience.

iSeed is an early-stage investment company. They focus on consumer mobile technology with a keen interest in healthcare. iSeed is committed to partnering with the next generation of technology startups to grow a lasting and impactful company.

Investment focus

Health Care, Software, Fitness
Seed, Series A, Pre-Seed
United States, Austria, Philippines

Portfolio highlights

Eximpe — EximPe digitises workflows for exporters and importers to do cross border payments, compliances and access finance
Playdex — Playdex is an NFT gaming rental marketplace that seamlessly connects gamers, guilds, and NFT owners.
Humble Sustainability — Humble Sustainability provides products and accessories reuse and recycle services.

Glisco Partners is a leading private equity firm focused on the Mexican middle market with a long, established track record of executing and exiting high-quality transactions.

Investment focus

Sports, Lending, PC Games
Series B, Series C, Private Equity
Spain, Mexico, Colombia

Portfolio highlights

Kueski — Kueski is the online lender for the Middle Class of Mexico and Latin America. The company uses big data and advanced analytics to approve and deliver loans in a matter of minutes. Simple, paperless and available 24/7, Kueski is the most convenient lending platform for those who need an immediate loan. The company has become the fastest growingplatform of its kind in the region and has already granted thousands of loans.
MUNCHER — Muncher is an end-to end platform that partners with restaurant brands globally to help them succeed at off-premise dining.
GGTech Entertainment — GGTech Entertainment is a technology company with projects related to the Esports, Video Games and Education industry in Europe, Latin America, Middle East, North Africa and the United States.

Kibo Ventures, based in Madrid (Spain) is a VC Fund focused on early-stage investments in digital companies. Kibo Ventures manages $320 million from a mix of institutional and private investors, including IEF, Telefonica, the Spanish Government (through CDTI), Mutua Madrileña (Spain's largest insurance company) and Axis (ICO's 25year-old private equity arm). Specifically, Kibo likes to invest in companies which combine exceptional and committed teams, aiming to digitalize a product or service in a big-enough market with international potential. Kibo is managed by an experienced team of professionals with a solid track record, who are actively involved in the companies in which they invest. Kibo follows a stage-investment approach and financially supports portfolio companies as they grow, whilst promoting co-investment from valuable investors.

Investment focus

Software, E-Commerce, Mobile
Series A, Seed, Funding Round
Spain, United States, Germany

Portfolio highlights

ONUM — Transform your noisy data into something meaningful. Gain control of your data with real-time observations, filtering, enrichment, and orchestration.
HyperSpectral — HyperSpectral - Leading the evolution of spectral data and AI/ML
Mitiga Solutions — Mitigating the risk from climate-driven perils to your business assets everywhere.

Moira Capital Partners is private equity firm

Investment focus

Biotechnology, Information Technology, 3D Technology
Funding Round, Series A, Private Equity
Spain

Portfolio highlights

NeuronUP — NeuronUP is a platform that provides professionals the ability to access real, when and where they want their exercise routines and their patients time manager and interact directly with their team of professionals in a specialized environment. All this generates a continuous updating of information and content platform, arising from theinter-professional dialogue.
Voovio — Voovio's Simulation Software enables the process industry to avoid errors during SOP execution, reducing downtime & increasing safety in operations & maintenance.
Geodesic Innovations — Geodesic Innovations is a water-saving and purification company that develops advanced water treatment, conservation, and regeneration systems to offer services for disinfection and improvement of water quality without using chemicals.