# Top 50 Enterprise Startup Investors in Sweden in June 2026

## Almi Invest
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 62
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed
- Focus: Software, Health Care, Information Technology

Almi Invest is Sweden’s most active early-stage venture capital firm, investing in scalable startups across Sustainability, Industry, Tech, and Life Science.We invest from pre-seed to Series A, always co-investing with independent private investors to accelerate innovation and long-term success. Our portfolio spans sustainable solutions,industrial innovation, deep tech, SaaS, and life science, supporting startups that drive economic and environmental progress.With €430 million under management and over 1,000 investments since 2009, we have backed leading companies like MIPS, Tobii, and Neo4j, with notable exits to Google, Apple, Microsoft, and Qlik.Beyond capital, we offer engaged ownership, providing strategic guidance, active board participation, and access to an extensive investor network.Almi Invest is part of the Almi Group and is funded by the European Regional Development Fund, Almi AB, and regional partners.

## Industrifonden
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 37
- Stages: Series A, Seed
- Focus: Software, Biotechnology, Information Technology

Industrifonden is a Nordic evergreen venture capital firm with a fund size of $600m, that focuses on early-stage technology and life science companies with international potential. The company works long term with the entrepreneurs we invest in, and have a strong track record of building game changing companies. Industrifonden-backed companiesinclude tech companies Qlik, Arcam, Soundtrack Your Brand, Fishbrain, and life science companies CellaVision, Oncopeptides and AMRA.

## Chalmers Ventures AB
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Göteborg, Vastra Gotaland, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 28
- Stages: Pre-Seed, Seed
- Focus: Software, Biotechnology, Health Care

We are a leading tech investor & venture builder in the Nordics. Taking deep tech from lab to market.WELCOMEINVESTMENTS

## Luminar Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 24
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, SaaS

Luminar is one of the most active seed investors in the Nordics, providing experienced seed financing and active operational support.

## Spintop Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 23
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, SaaS

Founded in 2009, Spintop Ventures is a venture capital firm backed by a network of successful tech entrepreneurs who have invested in Spintop alongside institutional investors, family offices and some of the most experienced private investors in early stage growth companies.

## NFT Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 18
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Financial Services, FinTech, Apps

We drive the fintech revolution Next Financial Technology Ventures Backing fintech pioneers since 2014 We aim to capture the shift in the financial industry and empower the entrepreneurs to realize their potential Our Story Strong portfolio across Fintech View the full portfolio Exciting news from the NFT portfolio View all news

## Wellstreet
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 18
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed
- Focus: E-Commerce, Software, Retail

Wellstreet is an innovation and tech ecosystem that includes an investment company, a strategic consultancy firm and a venture building incubator.

## Creandum
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 16
- Stages: Series A, Seed, Series B
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence

We support early-stage founders in building global, category-defining companies. From Seed to IPO and beyond.

## Partnerinvest Norr
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Piteå, Norrbottens Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 15
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, Manufacturing, Information Technology

Partnerinvest Norr is a private equity firm specialized in software, security, and biometrics sectors.
Partnerinvest Övre Norrland AB is a venture capital firms that seeks to invest in limited companies which have are in the expansion phase.


## Inventure
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Helsinki, Southern Finland, Finland
- Relevant deals: 14
- Stages: Seed, Series A, Series B
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, Health Care

Since 2005, Inventure has backed over 90 companies including Wolt, Swappie, Jobbatical, aiMotive, and more.

## Northzone
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: London, England, United Kingdom
- Relevant deals: 13
- Stages: Series A, Series B, Seed
- Focus: Software, FinTech, Information Technology

Northzone is a multi-stage venture capital firm operating across Europe and the US. Since 1996, it has backed more than 250 companies, including Spotify, Klarna, Spring Health, and Black Forest Labs.

## Antler
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Singapore, Central Region, Singapore
- Relevant deals: 13
- Stages: Pre-Seed, Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, Artificial Intelligence, Information Technology

Build your next company with Antler, a global day zero investor enabling exceptional founders to start great companies, from the very beginning. Apply now!

## Brightly Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 11
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, SaaS

Brightly Ventures backs bold founders on a mission to transform industries and change the world for the better. Brightly is an early-stage investor focused on the Nordics. It has a hands-on approach supporting high-potential ideas and bringing them to market. It makes a deep commitment to each investment we make and draw upon its network andcompany-building experience to help boost the journey.

## SEB Venture Capital
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 11
- Stages: Series A, Series B
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, FinTech

SEB Venture Capital is a Fintech investor that helps entrepreneurs and innovators launch and grow profitable businesses. They primarily serve as a strategic corporate venture focused on Fintech investments, with the option of partnering with SEB. They are also on the hunt for game-changing inventive solutions to new technologies that will make thefinancial industry smarter, safer, and more environmentally responsible, as well as more user-friendly. They also function as an evergreen fund, giving them the flexibility and staying strength to focus on long-term wealth development depending on what is best for the firm and its shareholders.

## EQT Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 11
- Stages: Series A, Seed, Series B
- Focus: Software, Artificial Intelligence, Information Technology

EQT Ventures is a European VC fund with just over €2.3 billion in total capital raised. EQT Ventures I launched in May 2016, with commitments totaling €566 million and a simple mission - to be the kind of VC the team would have liked to have had on their own startup journeys. Recognizing that building and growing a company takes more than justcapital, the EQT Ventures team provides founders with support and advice throughout different stages of growth. EQT Ventures doesn't focus on particular markets or industries, but on bold and ambitious founders who have the grit and determination to build global success stories. EQT Ventures II launched in November 2019, with commitments totaling €660 million. EQT Ventures III launched in 2022, with commitments totaling €1.1 billion, making it the biggest European Venture Capital fund committed to early-stage tech startups. The EQT Ventures team is based across six offices in London, Stockholm, Berlin, Paris, Amsterdam, Paris, and San Francisco, taking a locals-with-locals approach and supporting founders on the ground. Motherbrain, EQT Ventures'  in-house-developed artificial intelligence (AI) platform, ensures the team has a data-driven approach and has driven more than $100 million in portfolio company investments.

## Hampus Jakobsson
- Type: Angel
- Location: Malmö, Skane Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 10
- Stages: Seed, Angel, Series A
- Focus: Health Care, Software, Artificial Intelligence

Hampus Jakobsson is a General Partner at early stage climate tech venture fund Pale Blue Dot.Prior to co-founding Pale Blue Dot, Hampus was a Venture Partner at science fund Blue Yard and a prolific angel investor with >100 angel investments. He co-founded of The Astonishing Tribe (acquired by Blackberry in 2010 for $150m). He left Blackberry2012 to found Brisk.io a sales productivity tool which folded 2016.

## J12
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 9
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, Artificial Intelligence, SaaS

J12 is a thesis-driven venture capital firm partnering early with technical founders across Europe to build category-defining data and AI companies across infrastructure, tooling, and domain-specific applications

## Norrsken VC
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 9
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, Health Care, Food and Beverage

We are a venture capital fund investigating in Start-Ups solving the worlds biggest problems while building massive businesses.

## Sven Hagstr&ouml;mer
- Type: Angel
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 8
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
- Focus: EdTech, Internet, Education

Sven Hagstromer is the founder of Creades AB.

## Fairpoint Capital
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 8
- Stages: Series A, Seed
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, SaaS

Fairpoint Capital is a B2B technology investment fund sprung out of the technology team of SEB Venture Capital. The fund is independent from SEB but the bank remains its main investor. Other investors are institutions with a close relationship to the bank. We thus leverage on more than two decades of technology venture capital investments and exitsin well over 50 technology companies. Exits include companies like Tail-f Systems, Donya Labs, Kreatel, Bluetail, Diakrit and Coresonic. Trade buyers include Microsoft, Cisco, Mediatek, Telia, Intel, NewsCorp and CGI.

## Niklas Eklund
- Type: Angel
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 8
- Stages: Seed, Series A, Angel
- Focus: Software, Apps, Internet

Over the past 25 years, Niklas has an entrepreneur built and internationalized a range of companies in the area of reservation systems, revenue management, online marketing, and web publishing; amongst others he was the CEO and co-founder Bookatable, Livebookings, Infogate, and Epani.Over the past 8 years, Niklas has a direct investor and advisorto investment companies and venture capital companies; amongst others he was a co-founder and general partner at D-Ax (Axel Johnson Group CVC), a venture partner for Wellington Partners Venture Capital. Niklas is currently a general partner for PES Holdings. Investment focus is the Digital Media Sector and Digital Growth Companies, primarily in the Nordic countries and across Europe. Niklas describes himself as a ‘computer software geek and wizard turned businessman’ as he started his career at the age of 15. 
His achievements in building internationally successful companies have been recognized by various industry awards.

## Icebreaker.vc
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Helsinki, Southern Finland, Finland
- Relevant deals: 8
- Stages: Pre-Seed, Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence

Founded in 2016, Icebreaker has invested in over 50 fast-growing tech startups built by domain expert founders from companies like Rovio, Nordea, Pipedrive, Eniram, IBM and BCG. In addition to the fund, Icebreaker also runs a community of more than 1000 founders and pre-founders with 5+ years of relevant industry experience and the will to start,build or join strong tech companies.With the initial ticket sizes of €150k - 800K Icebreaker provides enough funding for companies to get to a position of strength and avoid post-accelerator limbo without having to resort to disreputable sources of capital and unfriendly deal terms.

## Bo Mattsson
- Type: Angel
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 8
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed
- Focus: Internet, Software, Information Technology

Bo Mattsson is a director of Previously, Mattsson founded Cint and served the same company as its chief executive office, chairman, and general and sales manager. Hewas also the head of Swedbank Securities.Mattsson holds a bachelor’s degree in economics and an MBA, both from the Stockholm School of Economics.

## Aggregate Media
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 7
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: E-Commerce, Information Technology, Software

Aggregate is a venture capital company investing with media as expansion capital - media for equity. Since the start 2002, Aggregate has made over 150 transactions in a variety of industries; e-commerce, digital services, product- and B2B-companies etc. Aggregate target companies which today are not able to maximize the effect on their market, inlack of capital for media advertising.

## Gorilla Capital
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Helsinki, Southern Finland, Finland
- Relevant deals: 7
- Stages: Pre-Seed, Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, SaaS, Information Technology

Gorilla Capital helps ambitious startups grow with smart funding and support. Discover how our team invests in early-stage companies.

## BackingMinds
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 7
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed
- Focus: SaaS, Software, Agriculture

We help great minds unleash their full potential!

## GP Bullhound
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: London, England, United Kingdom
- Relevant deals: 7
- Stages: Series B, Series A
- Focus: Software, E-Commerce, Internet

Since 1999, GP Bullhound has invested in and advised brilliant leaders. Powered by more than 180 employees across 13 offices worldwide.

## Bonnier Capital
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 7
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Internet, E-Commerce, Health Care

Bonnier Capital is the investment division of the Bonnier Group. Since 2016, we invest in promising companies in structurally growing industries and have become a reliant investment partner to companies of various sizes.

## Karl-Johan Persson
- Type: Angel
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 6
- Stages: Grant, Seed
- Focus: Information Technology, Internet, Software

Karl-Johan Persson, born in 1975, has been the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB since 1 July 2009.Before taking over as Managing Director Karl-Johan Persson held an operational role within H&M from 2005, including working as head of expansion, business development, brand and new business.Since 2000 Karl-Johan Persson has been a member of the boards of H&M’s subsidiaries in Denmark, Germany, the US and the UK. Between the years 2006 and 2009 he was also a member of the Board of H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB.Between 2001 and 2004 Karl-Johan Persson was CEO of European Network. Karl-Johan holds a BA in Business Administration from the European Business School in London.His current external board assignments are the Swedish Chamber of Commerce in the UK and the GoodCause foundation. Karl-Johan Persson is since 2013 a member of the Board of H&M Conscious Foundation. Karl-Johan Persson is a shareholder in Ramsbury Invest AB, and also personally holds 12,136,289 class B shares in H&M.The Managing Director is appointed by the Board of Directors and is responsible for the daily management of the company as directed by the Board.This means that the Managing Director must focus in particular on recruitment of senior executives, buying and logistics matters, pricing strategy, sales and profitability, marketing, expansion, development of the store network and of online and catalogue sales, and IT development.The Managing Director reports to the Board on H&M’s development and produces decision bases for investments, expansion, etc. The role of Managing Director includes contact with the financial market, the media and the authorities.

## Erik Byrenius
- Type: Angel
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 6
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed, Angel
- Focus: Health Care, Security, Software

Erik Byrenius is a founding partner of Mudcake, a microfund run by ex-founders dedicated to making the world a better place for the next generation. We invest in the strongest founders shaping the way we produce, distribute and consume food. Our typical ticket is $200k-$600k in pre-seed and seed rounds globally.Previously he was the CEO andco-founder of food delivery business OnlinePizza (exit to Delivery Hero), founder of StartupTools and co-founded the angel syndicate Nordic Makers.

## H&M Group Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 6
- Stages: Series A, Series B
- Focus: E-Commerce, Fashion, Textiles

H&M Group Ventures is the venture capital arm of the H&M Group.

## MOOR
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 6
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, 3D Technology, Mobile

MOOR is an early stage Swedish venture capital firm focusing on the digital space. As a private investment company funded by a highly successful serial entrepreneur it can act differently and more flexibly than most other VCs. Its investment approach is opportunistic in terms of size, stage and geography. Its overhead is limited, it invest onthe same terms as the entrepreneurs and its timeline to close a deal is short. it is passionate in supporting its portfolio companies and make a real personal commitment to each one.It focuses on early-stage companies. Sometimes so early that they are just a brilliant idea on a whiteboard. The start-up phase is hard; more companies fail than make it big. Success comes from tenacious teams working together through the challenges that they will inevitably face. its experienced team helps talented entrepreneurs overcome their early hurdles and quickly grow the company on a global scale.Its background is similar to yours – the money it invests is derived from entrepreneurship. It’s personally faced a lot of the challenges an early-stage company encounters, and it’s certainly made its share of mistakes. It understands what you are facing and bring its experiences, resources, network and efforts together, to create a team that is committed to working with you for the long haul.It’s a dedicated, active partner. This means that it will only invest in your company if it can offer you the right knowledge combined with capital. Directly, or via its network, it can broaden your management team and it will always take a seat on the board. it offer hands-on help in building your business and refining your ideas for success.

## Inbox Capital
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 6
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Apps, Software, Mobile Apps

Venture Capital in disruptive, global and high growth potential companies. Stage of funding is pre-series A - C rounds

## KTH Holding
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 6
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, Biotechnology

KTH Holding is a state-owned limited company managed by KTH's University Board. It invests in promising startup companies that are based on research or teaching at KTH, with the aim of supporting commercialization and making it easier for new science to benefit society.

## Creades AB
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 6
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, E-Commerce, Apps

Creades is an investment company investing in businesses that have the potential for revaluation and value creation. Creade's business concept is to provide a good risk-adjusted return to its shareholders by investing in businesses where Creades can act as an engaged owner, primarily in small and medium-listed and unlisted Swedish companies.The firm is a spin-off from Investment AB Öresund.

## Mattias Weinhandl
- Type: Angel
- Location: Linköping, Ostergotlands Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 6
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed
- Focus: Apps, Fitness, Health Care

Mattias Weinhandl

## Balderton Capital
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: London, England, United Kingdom
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Series A, Series B, Series C
- Focus: Software, FinTech, Financial Services

In the two decades since our founding, we have worked with hundreds of extraordinary European founders, and have raised eight funds totalling more than $3bn.

## Alexander Hars
- Type: Angel
- Location: Gothenburg, Vastra Gotaland, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed
- Focus: Software, E-Commerce, SaaS

Alexander Hars - Board member @ Zalster

## Verdane
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Private Equity, Series A
- Focus: Software, E-Commerce, Information Technology

The preferred growth partner to tech-enabled businesses in Northern Europe.

## Curitas Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Venture - Series Unknown
- Focus: Software, Information Technology, Social Network

Curitas Ventures a Stockholm-based venture capital firm. We invest in entrepreneurs and teams determined to build something out of the ordinary.

## Filip Larsson
- Type: Angel
- Location: Malmö, Skane Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed, Angel
- Focus: Mobile Apps, Software, Health Care

Founder DLL-files.com - the worlds most popular website for downloading dll files
Angel investor since 2008

## Investment AB Spiltan
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Series A, Seed
- Focus: SaaS, Software, Health Care

Investment AB Spiltan is a Swedish venture capital and private equity firm. The company, which is based in Stockholm, provides multi stage financing to businesses based within Sweden. The company will invest between SEK1 million ($125,000) and SEK10 million ($1.25 million), with a preferred investment amount of SEK2 million to SEK4 million($240,000 to $490,000). Potential portfolio companies may come from any sector of industry, as it is more important that the business is a viable investment opportunity. Also important is that the management team is committed and has a strong track record. Businesses will be able to leverage the extensive network of angels and other relevant professionals who can contribute expertise for the development of the portfolio company. AB Spiltan will invest roughly 60% of its capital in private companies and the remaining 40% in firms that have already been listed. Private portfolios will need to demonstrate that there will be realistic opportunity for Spiltan to exit within three to five years. Most of the investments in public companies are done through affiliates such as Health Cap and Procuritas.

## node.vc
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed, Series A
- Focus: Information Technology, Database, Internet

node.vc is an early-stage venture capital fund investing in groundbreaking technology start-ups. We invest in transformative shifts enabled by business innovation, and powered by breakthrough technologies.

## Navigare Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Series B
- Focus: Biotechnology, Energy, Health Care

Welcome to Navigare Ventures. We invest in transformational early-stage companies at the frontier of science and technology.

## Daniel Pilotti
- Type: Angel
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Angel
- Focus: Apps, Retail, Payments

Daniel Pilotti is the Founder of Your Special Delivery Service and Ryska Posten.

## Wave Ventures
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Helsinki, Southern Finland, Finland
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Pre-Seed
- Focus: Software, Internet, Information Technology

Founded in 2016, Wave Ventures is the largest student-run VC in Europe, backed by Nordic unicorn founders, investing in Gen Z entrepreneurs at the earliest stage. We operate both from Finland and Sweden with a team of five people from the top universities in the region.

## Sebastian Siemiatkowski
- Type: Angel
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Series A
- Focus: Software, E-Commerce, SaaS

Sebastian Siemiatkowski, based out ofStockholm, Stockholms Lan, is the Co-Founder and CEO of Klarna. Sebastian Siemiatkowski attended the Stockholm School of Economics.

## 42CAP
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Munich, Bayern, Germany
- Relevant deals: 5
- Stages: Seed, Series A, Pre-Seed
- Focus: Software, Artificial Intelligence, SaaS

We are peers amongst entrepreneurs helping the brave to build game-changing companies, just like we have done ourselves.

## Active Venture Partners
- Type: VC Fund
- Location: Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Relevant deals: 4
- Stages: Series A, Series B
- Focus: Software, E-Commerce, Information Technology

ACTIVE is a European venture capital company focused on positively disrupting its traditional sector. Spearheaded by a diverse, passionate and multinational team, it is building a reputation for providing support that goes beyond capital for high growth businesses.With a presence in Spain, Germany and Scandinavia, ACTIVE targets entrepreneurialteams driving digital start-ups and seeking holistic partnerships based on shared values and pro-active support. Start-up founders connect to the unique ACTIVE community to engage with sector specialists, growth experts and senior advisors.

## Per Brilioth
- Type: Angel
- Location: Stockholm, Stockholms Lan, Sweden
- Relevant deals: 4
- Stages: Series B, Seed
- Focus: Apps, Software, Transportation

Per Brilioth - CEO @ VNV Global
